Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. The process is called triangulation. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory 0000000856 00000 n The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. earthquakes. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. What are those limits? Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. Then do the same for the S-wave. Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). What is the El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters & Measuring Magnitudes. E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! 1. How does distance from the epicenter affect the S-P time interval? Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. Thanks for your feedback! Many updates and improvements! P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. waves from a distant earthquake. A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. Add to Library. Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. Thanks for your feedback! 9 - (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). H\0y The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. time for any point that is 3,000 miles 0000002507 00000 n 0000055643 00000 n Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF Share with Classes. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . 12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. 0000005149 00000 n (Source: USGS). Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . Cross), Give Me Liberty! Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif [N'. The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. P wave. Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. American Geosciences Institute. What is an earthquake? The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. by. minute apart, represent the passage of time The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. 0000030968 00000 n 0000001604 00000 n approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). Moment magnitude scale. Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. endstream endobj startxref Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. A minimum of three seismic stations is necessary to locate an epicenter. The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. HS-PS4-1. Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C consider a seismograph stationed 3, Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. 61 33 0000006011 00000 n directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. Upload a document. Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. 5 4. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). 9 - d>(ZvO= Accessed December 11, 2013. http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/, USGS Earthquake Magnitude Policy (implemented on January 18, 2002). Do you agree with this alignment? If you draw a circle on a map around three different seismographs where the radius of each is the distance from that station to the earthquake, the intersection of those three circles is the epicenter. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream [*aiLG?+J\QI86~}ooRrr!pm}dk@dBbZPMZlC4C\9^ SM.R\!H+$|+DUzt^w{" %&{KXjT'9yzT^UFe:+f(`PU_9%EW@\)?i qp!\G Z endstream endobj 75 0 obj <>stream EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. 2. 0000002094 00000 n Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. If your seismograph station is Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. 0000004224 00000 n They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? I also will take them through the general process of how find the difference in arrival times of p- and s-waves can be used to find a distance to an earthquake and how using data from 3 seismograph stations is used to locate the epicenter. 0000005544 00000 n In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . Copyright 2023. Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. 0000002383 00000 n View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. %PDF-1.3 % ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. (Grades 6 - 8). The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). To complete the activity, some prior . Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. Earthquakes occur along faults, which are cracks in the Earths crust that build tension. Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. DocHub v5.1.1 Released! 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key (PDF) - skislah.edu Web12-earthquake-location-lab-answer-key 1/1 Downloaded from skislah.edu.my on February 15, 2023 by guest 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key Right here, we have countless ebook 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key and collections to check out. How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. The travel-time graph A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. (Grades 0000078100 00000 n Using online resources and simulations available through the Earthquakes Living Lab, students explore the consequences of subsurface ground type and building height on seismic d Seismographs are measuring devices designed by engineers and used by researchers to determine the locations and magnitudes of earthquakes. Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. Copyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. 0000001746 00000 n 3. To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. 1. Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). 0000000956 00000 n Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. PDF. Subjects: These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. 0000002250 00000 n 0000001978 00000 n Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Figure 1 is a simplified example of a Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. 0000007097 00000 n This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. Read through the sections What Is Seismology and What Are Seismic Waves?, Where Do Earthquakes Happen?, and Why Do Earthquakes Happen? to answer the following questions: What is the difference between S and P waves?