[351] Eric Kaufman also argue that the main reason why Islam is expanding along with other religions, is not because of conversion to Islam, but primarily to the nature of the religion, as he calls it "pro-natal", where Muslims tend to have more children. [328] By the end of 2100 Muslims are expected to outnumber Christians. [237] While on the other hand, in 2017, scholars Landon Schnabel and Sean Bock at Harvard University and Indiana University argued that while "Mainline Protestant" churches has declined in the United States since the late 1980s, but many of them do not leave Christianity, but rather convert to another Christian denomination, in particularly to evangelicalism. [65], The significant growth of Christianity in non-Western countries led to regional distribution changes of Christians. ", "Rise in paganism in Southeast Valley mirrors U.S. trend", "Projected Changes in the Populations of Adherents of Other Religions", "The Zarathushti World, a 2012 Demographic Picture", "Zoroastrians Keep the Faith, and Keep Dwindling", "Where we belong: The fight of Parsi women in interfaith marriages", "Parsi population dips by 22 per cent between 2001-2011: study", "Iraqi Kurds turn to Zoroastrianism as faith, identity entwine", "Hopes for Zoroastrianism revival in Kurdistan as first temple opens its doors", "Zoroastrian faith returns to Kurdistan in response to ISIL violence", "The curious rebirth of Zoroastrianism in Iraqi Kurdistan", "Hamazor Issue #2 2017: "Kurdistan reclaims its ancient Zoroastrian Faith", "Zoroastrian faith returns to Kurdistan in response to ISIS violence", "Kurdistan, the only government in Middle East that recognizes religious diversity", "Zoroastrian faith returns to Kurdistan in response to ISIL viole", "Dr. Todd M. Johnson " Institute on Culture, Religion & World Affairs Boston University", London: A Rising Island of Religion in a Secular Sea, "The Baha'i Faith 19571988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments", Religion on the Move! [122] Many people who convert to Christianity face persecution. [330], While the total Fertility Rate of Muslims in North America is 2.7 children per woman in the 2010 to 2015 period, well above the regional average (2.0) and the replacement level (2.1). Muslims in the U.S. are not as numerous as the number of Americans who identify as Jewish by religion, according to our estimate. Look at who is 'going forth and multiplying', FAQ from Adherents.com describing why it is difficult to measure the fastest-growing religion, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Growth_of_religion&oldid=1141030901, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 00:39. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. According to the Pew Research Center, the Muslim population in Europe (excluding Turkey) was about 30 million in 1990, and 44 million in 2010; the Muslim share of the population increased from 4.1% in 1990 to 6% in 2010. Among this group, 55% no longer identify with any religion, according to the 2017 survey. [305] A 2007 Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) report argued that some Muslim population projections are overestimated, as they assume that all descendants of Muslims will become Muslims even in cases of mixed parenthood. [80] According to scholar Francis Fukuyama of Stanford University "converts to Protestantism find their incomes, education levels, hygiene and social networks expanding". [65] According to one source, Protestants constituted respectively 2.5%, 2%, 0.5% of Latin Americans, Africans and Asians. [46], The Chinese folk religion is a "diffused religion" rather than "institutional". According to the records of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, its membership has grown every decade since its beginning in the 1830s,[108] that it is among the top ten largest Christian denominations in the U.S.,[109] and that it was the fastest growing church in the U.S. in 2012. By. April 1, 2021, 8:23pm. "People died in my . [19], These forecasts lack reliable data on religious conversion in China, but according to media reports and expert assessments, it is possible that the rapid growth of Christianity in China may maintain, or even increase, the current numerical advantage of Christianity as the largest religion in the world and may negatively affect the growth of the Religiously Unaffiliated. According to the World Christian Encyclopedia, between 1965 and 1985 about 2.5million Indonesians converted from Islam to Christianity. [68] The study also suggested that by 2050, the global Christian population will change considerably. Muslims that seek to renounce Islam face legal obstacles, societal push-back, and harsh penalties. [394] Studies have shown that Haredi Jews population is rising rapidly due to the young age and very high fertility-rate,[395] especially in Israel. He vowed to return after 500 years at the time of natural disaster and political corruption. For example, it became gradually . Indeed, while aboutone-in-fiveAmerican Muslim adults were raised in a different faith tradition and converted to Islam, a similar share of Americans who were raised Muslim nowno longer identify with the faith. According to the data revealed by the Pew Research Centre, about 100,000 Muslims abandon Islam each year and roughly the same number convert to Islam every year. ", "Hundreds of asylum seekers in Finland converting from Islam to Christianity", "German churches see rise in baptisms for refugees", "Shklzen ou Giannis? Officially, Arab states have major Muslim populations, varying from around 60% in Lebanon to almost 100% in Jordan or Saudi Arabia. Besides, Christianity has grown enormously in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. [238] And according to Eric Kaufmann from Harvard University and University of London, Christian fundamentalism is expanding in the United States. [266] By 2012 percentage of Christians on mentioned communities was 71%, more than 30% and 37%,[267] respectively. "The majority of ex-Muslims I interviewed said they were profoundly lonely and isolated, and they related. [462] The religion began in the region of Punjab in eastern Pakistan and Northwest India. The Muslim population in the Asia-Pacific region is expected to reach nearly 1.5billion by 2050, up from roughly 1billion in 2010. [248] According to scholar Wang Zuoa, 500,000 Chinese converts to Protestantism annually. Everyday, 16,000 Muslims convert to Christianity. Statistics published in: Katharina Wenzel-Teuber, David Strait. [450] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 68 million babies were born to religiously unaffiliated mothers and roughly 42 million religiously unaffiliated died, meaning that the natural increase in the religiously unaffiliated population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 26 million over this period". About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. [455] According to INEGI, in Mexico, the number of atheists grows annually by 5.2%, while the number of Catholics grows by 1.7%. [299] From 1990 to 2010, the global Muslim population increased at an average annual rate of 2.2%. [118], According to the World Christian Encyclopedia[122] estimate significantly more people have converted to Christianity from Islam in the 21st century than at any other point in Islamic history. [336] The poll, conducted by the Netherlands-based GAMAAN (Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in Iran), using online polling to provide greater anonymity for respondents, surveyed 50,000 Iranians and found 32% identified as Shia, 5% as Sunni and 3% as Sufi Muslim. By contrast, during the same time period, the religiously unaffiliated category went from 17 percent in 2009 to 26 percent a decade later. [451][452] According to Anne Elizabeth Wynn of The Statesman, "The two most recent American Religious Identification Surveys declare Wicca, one form of paganism, as the fastest growing spiritual identification in America". [493] It served as the state religion of the ancient Iranian empires for more than a millennium, from around 600 BCE to 650 CE, but declined from the 7th century onwards following the Muslim conquest of Persia of 633654. [360] In Asia Pacific region, Muslims will surpass the Hindus by the time. [110], The 19th century saw at least 250,000 Jews convert to Christianity according to existing records of various societies. [123] The 2015 Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census study published by Baylor University institute for studies of religion estimates that 10.2 million Muslims converted to Christianity based on global missionary data. Projections of future religious adherence are based on assumptions that trends, total fertility rates, life expectancy, political climate, conversion rates, secularization, etc. It is published by Brill and is the most comprehensive database of religious demographics available to scholars, providing data for all of the world's countries. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA [511] The Zoroastrian Representative of the Kurdistan Regional Government in Iraq has said that as many as 14,000 people in Iraqi Kurdistan have converted to Zoroastrianism recently, with community leaders repeating this and speculating that even more Zoroastrians in the region are practicing their faith secretly. Naresh Mitra / TNN / Jan 11, 2016, 03:10 IST. [512][513][514] However, this has not been confirmed by independent sources. The number of adherents of the Chinese traditional religion is difficult to count, because of:[45], Chinese rarely use the term "religion" for their popular religious practices, and they also do not utilize a vocabulary that they "believe in" gods or truths. In this . Statistics commonly measure the absolute number of adherents, the percentage of the absolute growth per-year, and the growth of converts in the world. Although some national censuses ask people about their religion, they do not ask if they have converted to their presently espoused faith. Toleransi yang mengundang murka Allah [247] According to a report by the Singapore Management University, more people in Southeast Asia are converting to Christianity, and these new converts are mostly Chinese business managers. [293], Generally, the term "conversion" is not applicable to Hindu traditions. [1] The Australian Bureau of Statistics, through statistical analysis, held Buddhism to be the fastest-growing spiritual tradition in Australia in terms of percentage gain, with a growth of 79.1% for the period 1996 to 2001 (200,000358,000). [201] According to Guinness, approximately 12.5 million more people who converted to Islam than people who converted to Christianity between 1990 and 2000. [308] According to a report by CNN, "Islam has drawn converts from all walks of life, most notably African-Americans". Although they purchased some toleration by paying the jizya (poll tax), not abolished until 1882, they were treated as an inferior race, had to wear distinctive garb, and were not allowed to ride horses or bear arms. forced converts from Islam. [40] This shows a significant growth from the 300400million people practicing Chinese traditional religion that were estimated in the 1990s and early 2000s. According to the Pew Research Center, religious conversion may have a modest impact on religiously unaffiliated population between 2010 and 2050; religiously unaffiliated are expected to gain 61 million adherents. The Evil Eye is a curse that is believed to be cast by someone who has envy or jealousy towards another person. Studies in the 21st century suggest that, in terms of percentage and worldwide spread,[1][2] Islam is the fastest-growing major religion in the world. [423][421][424] Most of the growth in the late 20th century was seeded out of North America by means of the planned migration of individuals. Of the total 506 people who registered their change of religion with the government, 241 were those who converted from Christianity or Islam to Hinduism. will continue. Like Americans in many other religious groups, a substantial share of adults who were raised Muslim no longer identify as members of the faith. [285][286] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 109 million babies were born to Hindu mothers and roughly 42 million Hindus died, meaning that the natural increase in the Hindus population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 67 million over this period". [59] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 223 million babies were born to Christian mothers and roughly 107 million Christians died, meaning that the natural increase in the Christian population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 116 million over this period". [403][404] In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice. [306][335] Equally, Darren E. Sherkat questioned in Foreign Affairs whether some of the Muslim growth projections are accurate as they do not take into account the increasing number of non-religious Muslims. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. In Latin America and Caribbean Muslim population will stay 0.1% by 2050. [118] Many Muslims who convert to Christianity face social and governmental persecution. The number of officers leaving the police, in each of the last five years, is shown in Table 4.1 by reason for departure. [citation needed]. [463] Today, India is home to the largest Sikh population with 1.7% of its population, or about 20 million people identifying as Sikh. [249] According to the Council on Foreign Relations the "number of Chinese Protestants has grown by an average of 10 percent annually since 1979". [236] According to Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans, the number of Iranian Americans Muslims decreased from 42% in 2008 to 31% in 2012 according to a telephone survey around the Los Angeles region. Hinduism is the largest religion in the countries of India, Nepal, and Mauritius. For example, federal legislation prohibits and criminalizes non-Muslims for preaching or converting Muslims into their religion, even though the reverse is allowed. This year, 2 million people are expected to head for Hajj and 1,735,391 have arrived in the country already, according to the Saudi Press Agency. According to a 2012 Pew Research Center survey, over the next four decades the number of Buddhists around the world is expected to decrease from 487 million in 2010 to 486 million in 2050. This has only been achieved in rare cases, and then only for particular countries, such as the American Religious Identification Survey[451] in the United States, or census data from Australia (which has included a voluntary religious question since 1911). [26] The study also reveals that, due to young age & relatively high fertility rate among Muslims by 2050 there will be near parity between Muslims (2.8billion, or 30% of the population) and Christians (2.9billion, or 31%), possibly for the first time in history. [486][479] By 2050, according to Pew research center based on growth rate of current Sikh population between (2001-2011), India will have 27,129,086 Sikhs by half-century which will be more than that of any country including the Western world. [500][492], India has the world's largest Zoroastrian population who are called Parsis. By 2040, Muslims will replace Jews as the nations second-largest religious group after Christians. Islam began in Arabia and from 633 AD until the late 10th century it was spread through conquests, far-reaching trade and missionary activity. That means 3 of every 4 people leaving Islam go to something other than Christianity. : New Dynamics of Religious Expansion in a Globalizing World, Think religion is in decline? Ten years ago, Muhammad Syed became an ex-Muslim. There is an ongoing silent migration away from the church of an estimated 3,500 individuals each and every day. Oxford University Press, 2007, pp. [111] Data from the Pew Research Center has it that, as of 2013, about 1.6million adult American Jews identify themselves as Christians, most as Protestants. Look at who is 'going forth and multiplying', "1 Million Evangelical Christians March for Jesus in Brazil", "French Evangelicals through an American lens", "Nmero de brasileiros catlicos cai abaixo dos 70% pela 1 vez (Percent of Brazilian Catholics is below 70% for the first time)", "Growth stalls, falls for largest U.S. churches", "How many Jews are there in the United States? Thus, this report excludes religious conversion as a direct factor from the projection of Muslim population growth. [448] (See the geographic distribution of atheism. [406], In 1939, the core Jewish population reached its historical peak of 17 million (0.8% of the global population). (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main [124][a] Countries with the largest numbers of Muslims converted to Christianity according to this study include Indonesia (6,500,000),[125] Nigeria (600,000),[125] Iran (500,000 versus only 500 in 1979),[125] the United States (450,000),[126] Ethiopia (400,000) and Algeria (380,000). [465] Outside of India, the largest Sikh communities are in the core Anglosphere, with 771,790 in Canada (2.1% Sikh),[466][467] 472,498 in the United States (0.1% Sikh),[470] 432,429 in the United Kingdom (0.7% Sikh),[471][472][473] 210,397 in Australia (0.8% Sikh),[474][475] and 40,908 in New Zealand (0.9% Sikh). The report also shows that the fall in the birth rate of Muslims slowed down the growth rate from 1990 to 2010. As per the Pew Research study, Muslim populations will grow in absolute number in all regions of the world between 2010 and 2050. Every year about 150 . [225] According to the same study Christianity is expected to lose a net of 66 million adherents (40 million converts versus 106 million apostate) mostly to religiously unaffiliated category between 2010 and 2050, it is also expected that Christianity may have the largest net loses in terms of religious conversion. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. Some of the tribes decided that as their loyalty to Islam had been primarily to Muhammad himself, his death . [396], The overall growth rate of Jews in Israel is 1.7% annually. Chart courtesy of Ryan Burge Thus, the likelihood of leaving Islam appears to be at its highest when young people's lives are the most unsettled. Reaching Iranians online Iran's census claims that 99.5% of the population are Muslim, a figure that hides the state's active hostility toward irreligiosity, conversion and unrecognised religious. Growth of religion involves the spread of individual religions and the increase in the numbers of religious adherents around the world. [41][42], This growth reverses the rapid decline that Chinese traditional religion faced in the 20th century. [335] According to Harvard University professor Robert D. Putnam, there is increasing numbers of Americans who are leaving their faith and becoming unaffiliated and the average Iranian American is slightly less religious than the average American. When the kingdom fell to Islamic influences and Brawijaya V converted to Islam in 1478, Sabdapalon cursed the King. [384] In a 2008 conference on religion at Yale University's The MacMillan Center Initiative on Religion, Politics, and Society which hosted a speech from Hugh Kennedy, he stated forced conversions played little part in the history of the spread of the faith. or for reasons of social prestige[28]), [282] According to Pew Research Center 99% of Hindus lived in the Indo-Pacific region in 2010. Wealthy Neighborhoods Saw the Most People Leave Every borough experienced a spike in people moving out last year, but Manhattan saw the . It also stated that over a 50% decline was found in 22 Muslim countries and over a 60% decline in Iran, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Bangladesh, Tunisia, Libya, Albania, Qatar and Kuwait. Hispanics and African-Americans, who were already converting well before 9/11, are the most common ethnic groups to convert. According to him, Muslims will be a significant minority rather than majority in Europe and as per their projections for 2050 in the Western Europe, there will be 1015 per cent Muslim population in high immigration countries such as Germany, France and the UK. [220][221][222] Churches in Europe say that there is an increase in the number of Muslims converting to Christianity among immigrants. See also "Merely speaking of a 'Muslim community in France' can be misleading and inaccurate: like every immigrant population, Muslims in France exhibit strong cleavages based on the country of their origin, their social background, political orientation and ideology, and the, Stark, Rodney. ", "Sikhs fastest-growing minority in NZ: Census", "There could be more Sikhs in the future maybe", "Our year-long exploration of religions ends with Unitarianian Universalism and paganism", "PRLog (Press Release) "Wicca"- The Fastest Growing Belief System in the World Today! Islam is projected to have a net gain of followers in Sub-Saharan Africa (+2.9 million) and Asia-Pacific (+0.95 million), but net loss of followers in North America (-0.58 million) and Europe (-0.06 million). In the Diaspora, in almost every country the Jewish population in general is either declining or steady, but Orthodox and Haredi Jewish communities, whose members often shun birth control for religious reasons, have experienced rapid population growth. [26], The American Religious Identification Survey gave nonreligious groups the largest gain in terms of absolute numbers: 14.3 million (8.4% of the population) to 29.4 million (14.1% of the population) for the period 19902001 in the U.S.[451][452] A 2012 study by the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life reports, "The number of Americans who do not identify with any religion continues to grow at a rapid pace. [124] According to the Council on Foreign Relations in 2007, experts estimated that thousands of Muslims in the Western world converted to Christianity annually, but were not publicized due to fear of retribution. According to Arvind Sharma, Hinduism "is typically quite comfortable with multiple religious participation, multiple religious affiliations, and even with multiple religious identities. Quantitative research is lacking, but he believes the European trend mirrors the American: data from the General Social Survey in the United States show that 32 percent of those raised Muslim no longer embrace Islam in adulthood, and 18 percent hold no religious identification. Born in the . A quarter cited issues with religion and faith in general, saying that they dislike organized religion (12%), that they do not believe in God (8%), or that they are just not religious (5%). But individuals are now renouncing Islam at greater rates than ever before. [332], Generally, there are few reports about how many people leave Islam in Muslim majority countries. A study by Pew Research found that the number of Americans who identified as Christian was 64% in 2020, with 30% of the US population being classed as "religiously unaffiliated". "They were reporting on the mass conversions of Muslimsas many as 6-8 millionin sub-Saharan, Africa, and they have repeated the warning every year," he said. Columbia University - School of International and Public Affairs, "Hindu Religion Information Data and Statistics | PEW-GRF", "Projected Changes in the Global Hindu Population", "By 2050, India to have world's largest populations of Hindus and Muslims", "Indian Census and Muslim population growth", "Fueled by immigration, Hinduism becomes fourth-largest faith in US", 2011 Census reveals Hinduism as the fastest growing religion in Australia, "Immigrants Change Australia's Cultural Identity", "3.6 Billion: World's Muslim Population Doubles", "Islam set to become world's largest religion by 2075, study suggests", "Religion and Living Arrangements Around the World", "The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Related Factors: Conversion", The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050/, "Muslim birth rate falls, slower population growth", "Converting to Islam: British women on prayer, peace and prejudice", "Converting to Islam - the white Britons becoming Muslims", "Fast-growing Islam winning converts in Western world", "Muslim Converts Face Discrimination (Published 2005)", "The Mosque in America: A National Portrait", "Conversion To Islam One Result Of Post-9/11 Curiosity", "More in France Are Turning to Islam, Challenging a Nation's Idea of Itself (Published 2013)", "Muslims outnumber Catholics, Vatican says", "Muslims more numerous than Catholics: Vatican", "Vatican: Islam Surpasses Roman Catholicism as World's Largest Religion | Europe News", "Relax Sangh Parivar, there is no evidence of a Muslim population bomb", "David Ignatius: A demographic shift in the Muslim world", "Projected Cumulative Change Due to Religious Switching, 20102050, p.11", Long-Term Projections of Christian and Muslim Shares of World's Population, "Muslims Projected to Outnumber Christians by 2100", "Do Muslims Have More Children Than Other Women in Western Europe? While in prison for robbery from 1946 to 1952, he underwent a conversion that eventually led him to join the Nation of Islam, an African American movement that combined elements of Islam with Black nationalism. [26] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, over the next four decades the number of Jews around the world is expected to increase from 14.2 million in 2015 to 16.3 million in 2060. [246] According to a study by a scholar Fenggang Yang from Purdue University, Christianity is "spreading among the Chinese of South-East Asia", and "Evangelical and Pentecostal Christianity is growing more quickly in China",[247] also according to him, more than half of them have university degrees. [375][376][377] (such as Christians under the Ottoman Empire's authority,[378][379] Hindus and Buddhists under regime of Muslim invaders,[369] Coptic Christians under administration of the Muslim Arabs,[372] Zoroastrians living under Islamic rule in ancient Persia,[380] and also with Jewish communities in the medieval Arab world[374]) while some scholars indicate that some Muslim rulers in India did not consistently collect the jizya (poll tax) from Dhimmis. Atheism and agnosticism are not typically considered religions, but data about the prevalence of. [253], It's been reported also that increasing numbers of young people or educated people are becoming Christians in several countries such as China,[254][255] Hong Kong,[256] Indonesia,[257] Iran,[258][259] Japan,[95] Singapore,[260][261][262] and South Korea. The survey was conducted in June 2020 for 15 days from June 17th to July 1st in 2020 and reflects the views of the educated people of Iran over the age of 19 (equivalent to 85% of Adults in Iran) and can be generalized to apply to this entire demographic. "[] the insignificant amount of this yearly tax, the fact that it was progressive, that elders, poor people, handicapped, women, children, monks, and hermits were exempted, leave no doubt about exploitation or persecution of those who did not accept Islam. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. [3] Islam is expected to be the world's largest religion by the year 2075. [35] The decline is due to several factors such as the low fertility level among Buddhists (1.6 children per woman),[36] and the old age (median age of 34), compared to the overall population. [308] Many converts to Islam said that they suffered from hostility from their families after converting. [53] According to Pew Research Center study, by 2050 the number of Christians in absolute number is expected to grow to more than double in the next few decades,[54] from 517 million to 1.1billion in Sub Saharan Africa,[54] from 531million to 665million in Latin America and Caribbean,[54] from 287 million to 381million in Asia,[54] and from 266 million to 287million in North America. [252] According to a 2021 study by the Pew Research Center, Christianity in India gained an increase from conversion, most of the Christian converts in India are former Hindus. It stated that, "Islam has overtaken Roman Catholicism as the biggest single religious denomination in the world",[315][316] and stated that, "It is true that while Muslim families, as is well known, continue to make a lot of children, Christian ones on the contrary tend to have fewer and fewer". The absolute number of Muslims is also expected to increase in regions with smaller Muslim populations such as Europe and North America,[360] due to young age & relatively high fertility rate. Sociologist Phil Zuckerman's global studies on atheism have indicated that global atheism may be in decline due to irreligious countries having the lowest birth rates in the world and religious countries having higher birth rates in general. 218219. [102] On the other hand, Eric Kaufman, of University of London, argued that the main reason for the expansion of Catholicism and conservative Protestantism along with other religions is because their religions tend to be "pro-natal" and they have more children, and not due to religious conversion.[103]. [82] According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, around 9% of Latin Americans were raised as Protestant, but nearly 19% now identify themselves as Protestants.